Il riso appena raccolto si chiama risone. Il suo chicco è coperto dalla lolla, il guscio esterno ruvido, duro e non commestibile, che si rimuove all’inizio della lavorazione.
Il procedimento manuale di asportazione della lolla (sbramatura) a partire dal 1400 è stato meccanizzato con la pista da riso. Sorsero così le pilerie nelle cascine, che fino alla fine dell’800 sono stati gli unici impianti per la lavorazione del riso coltivato in Italia. Le industrie risiere si sono sviluppate solo nella seconda metà dell’800 e, dal secondo dopoguerra, hanno quasi integralmente sostituito le vecchie pilerie rurali. L’industria moderna possiede impianti avanzati, ma il principio di lavorazione del riso è sempre ancora per azione meccanica di sfregamento, simile a quello originario di tanti anni fa.
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